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You have probably seen videos on social media of your family and friends [pouring / pawing] a bucket of ice-cold water on their heads for charity. They have taken [apart / part] in the Ice Bucket Challenge, the latest viral campaign to [immerse / emerge] on Facebook, YouTube, Twitter and other networking sites. The challenge [involves / involving] dumping icy water on top of your head or donating $100 to [varies / various] ALS charities. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) - also [knows / known] as motor neurone disease (MND) – destroys [muscular / muscle] , making it difficult to speak, swallow and [breathe / breath] . Ice Bucket Challenge participants post a video online and invite friends to follow [soot / suit] . More than 1.1 million [donates / donors] in the USA have donated over $53 million since July the 29th.

The viral campaign is giving ALS and MND charities [valuation / valuable] global exposure to [raise / rise] awareness of the disease and raise funds. It [exploits / explodes] people's willingness and desire to post selfies or videos of themselves online, while feeling [well / good] about helping a charity. Communication and Media Studies professor Mark Glantz said: "You get the message [directly / directives] from friends and acquaintances. It [kind / kinds] of appeals [to / for] the same side of people that wants to post a selfie." The challenge has [ever / even] reached the President of the USA. Barack Obama decided against the [dosing / dousing] but said he would donate instead. Most people with ALS die from respiratory failure within three to five years from the [onset / offset] of symptoms.